![](https://waterhistoryphl.org/wp-content/uploads/graff-scrapbook1-2004071-2004.071.0001.015-crop.jpg?w=300)
![](https://waterhistoryphl.org/wp-content/uploads/graff-scrapbook1-2004071-2004.071.0001.015-crop.jpg?w=300)
![](https://waterhistoryphl.org/wp-content/uploads/graff-scrapbook2-125-crop.jpg?w=300)
Newspaper Clipping Scrapbooks of Frederick Graff Jr., Chief Engineer of the Philadelphia Water Department. Part 2: 1858-1871
![](https://waterhistoryphl.org/wp-content/uploads/board-of-health-times-1893-04-24-crop.jpg?w=300)
Pipes, distribution mains, transmission mains, filtration plants, pumping stations, and all other appurtenances, either above or underground, that relate to providing drinking water to homes and businesses. In tandem with sewer systems, properly-designed water supply systems are what make densely-populated urban areas possible.